Calf raises
Calf raises are a method of exercising the gastrocnemius, tibialis posterior and soleus muscles of the lower leg.
Seated calf raises
Seated calf raises are executed by using a weight, such as a barbell, to provide resistance to the action of the calf muscles. The exercise is performed from a seated position while the weight rests on the upper leg, just above the knee. The person engaged in this exercise lifts the weight by pushing down on the balls of the feet.
Standing calf raises
Standing calf raises are executed with one or both feet on a raised surface with the heel lower than the toes. The exercise is performed by raising the heel as far as possible. Weights or other methods of providing resistance are commonly used, but the exercise is also effective with body weight alone.
Exercise notes
It is not uncommon to hear of some fitness trainers using reps of 50 or more, though it has been argued that reps beyond 15 - 20 accomplish little in the way of muscular benefit. The gastrocnemius is composed of fast twitch fibers which benefit from higher weights and lower repetitions.
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